Abstract
Complex economic, geological-technological state of coal mines and impact of the armed conflict factors (the breakdown of energy supply, objects of critical infrastructure, etc.) accelerated closure of coal mines by the method of “wet preservation” in particular. In most developed EU countries decommissioning of coal mines, which have great depth (up to 1,0-1,5 km) and areas of minefields, occurs according to the post-mining (PM) research and production complex, which is based on the scientific and technological activities regarding prevention of dangerous changes in the geological environment (GE) - subsidence of ground surface, lands flooding, emission of explosive and toxic gases as well as reduction of outflows of polluted water into the local river basins (RB) and the soil aquifer. Additionally, PM suggests some mining works turning into the hydraulic-filtration system of mine water retention at a depth of 250-350 m with a purpose of preventing pollution flow into the freshwater aquifers and river network, preserving regional aquitards, degassing of mountain surface. In general, the PM activities complex aims at maintaining the balance and protective potential of the GE as mineral and landscape basis of the biosphere, elimination of dangerous changes in ecological parameters of the hydrographical network. It is shown that new models of subsoil and water use, geological prospecting structure, scientific basis for permissible changes in GE and RB are required together with closure of “old” mining works (MW) and opening of new ones, improvement of the environment monitoring based on GIS technologies and Earth remote sensing.
Highlights
Market restructuring of the mining and industrial complex (MIC) of Ukraine has led to a significant increase of requirements to technic-economic and ecological-social parameters of the subsoil use
The biggest ecological-technogenic, social-economical and technogenic threats to the population occur when coal mining enterprises closure is ecologically imbalanced due to the accelerated flooding of coal minings, level rise and pollution of local underground and surface sources of drinking and economic water supply beyond the claim mine concessions, additional deformation of the land surface, increasing upward migration of polluted mineralized water and explosive and toxic gases, which is connected with the depletion of regional waterproof layers [13, 17, 18, 25]
- proactive development of a compensatory model of a stable social-economical and ecological-technogenic development of mining sectors in Donbas taking into account the restructuring mining complexes experience in the EU countries (Germany, Great Britain, etc.);
Summary
Market restructuring of the mining and industrial complex (MIC) of Ukraine has led to a significant increase of requirements to technic-economic and ecological-social parameters of the subsoil use. Germany, France, Poland, etc.) in creating a legal basis and substantiating the NGTS new state ecological safety parameters as a result of abnormal changes in ecological parameters of its leading element - technogenic-geological system (TGS) “mining complex - geological environment” has not been taken into consideration It was mainly connected with uncontrolled flooding of most mines at insufficient consideration of the new ecological state of the geological environment (GE) as a result of restructuring its accumulated long-term changes within the boundaries of various NGTS of Donbas [1-6, 9-14, 16-21, 23-25, 35]. Taking the above-mentioned into consideration, we can conclude that further functioning of the coal mining of Donbas on the controlled and non-controlled territories is possible based on accelerated post-mining activities implementation to the subsoil use on separate areas with sufficient power of mine pumping at further mining of coal fields
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