ECOLOGICAL AND TOXICOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE HERBICIDE EXPOSURE DIRECTOR, W.S. (A.I. ISOPROPYLAMINE SOLT GLYPHOSATE, 410 G/DM3) ON BRANCHED CRUSTACEANS CERIODAPHNIA AFFINIS LILLJEBORG

Abstract

Analysis of the chronic experiments results showed that the herbicide Director (active ingredient - isopropylamine salt of glyphosate, 41%) is a substance toxic to Ceriodaphnia affinis. This herbicide is characterized by embryotoxicity. Herbicide Director has the greatest toxic effect on C. affinis at a concentration of 50 mg/dm3. All major bioparameters of crustacean activity are suppressed. There is a high mortality of first-generation crustaceans (78%) planted in solutions with the herbicide, low life expectancy of females. The offspring born to females in a number of generations are unviable; reproduction of offspring is suspended mainly at the level of the second generation. Only one female from the second generation offspring on the 8th day gave 4 juveniles of the third generation of the 1st brood, which died a day later. At 50 mg/dm3 offspring reproduction is suspended at the level of the second generation. The productivity of females at the herbicide concentration of 25 mg/dm3 is reduced by 66.5% compared with the control. The productivity decrease at lower concentrations was in the range of 30.4 ÷ 17.6%. The smallest decrease in female productivity (by 9.2%) was observed at a concentration of 0.001 mg/dm3. At the herbicide concentration of 25 mg/dm3, the puberty of young C. affinis was delayed and was longer than in the control and at lower concentrations by 1.42 days. Females gave only 5 generations, while in the control and in the concentration range of 0.001–10 mg/dm3 for the same period there were 6 generations. The total number of offspring on average for 5 generations was 33.58% of control, with a reliability of> 99.9%. To a lesser extent, inhibition of crustacean activity was observed at lower herbicide concentrations. At 10 mg/dm3, the sexual maturity of crustaceans was delayed only in the first generation, and the total number of offspring on average for 6 generations was 72.1% of control. At the same level, a decrease in total productivity was observed at concentrations of 1.0 and 0.1 mg/dm3.