Abstract
The study focused on the effects of ecology (plant communities and topographical data) on composition of essential oils (EOs) of some officinal wild plant species (Lamiales): Clinopodium suaveolens, Salvia fruticosa subsp. thomasii, Satureja montana subsp. montana, and Thymbra capitata, in different environments of Apulia (Italy). C. suaveolens and S. fruticosa subsp. thomasii are rare species of conservation interest, while S. montana subsp. montana and T. capitata, have a wide distribution and are used in traditional medicine or as spices. Results showed that the ecological context (phytosociological and ecological features) may influence the composition of EOs of the studied species. High differences in the compound composition have been found in S. montana subsp. montana, whereas minor effects were observed in C. suaveolens, S. fruticosa subsp. thomasii, and T. capitata accessions. The understanding of such aspects is necessary for providing optimal conditions to produce EOs rich in compounds known for their biological activities. The results are of great interest also for EOs producers and at the same time to improve our knowledge and valorize wild officinal plants.
Highlights
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A total of eight vegetation surveys were conducted in two different sites for each species, following the phytosociological method of the Zurich–Montpellier school [20]
W-SW, the results show the presence of main compounds out of a total part of the Apulia region) in the grassland community of Acinos suaveolentis-Stipetum of 29 in the essential oils (EOs)
Summary
Historically the use of these wild plants became a significant aspect of populations’ cultural heritage becoming real traditions that kept on from one generation to another [5,6]
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