Abstract
The article analyzes the degree of study of the genetic features of Holocene soils of beligerative complexes. A detailed description of natural and anthropogenic conditions and factors determining the geography, genesis and ecological condition of modern and buried soils of beligerative structures of Kamianets-Podilskyi Fortress is given. Considerable attention is paid to the problem of ontogenesis of the dominant natural and anthropogenic soils within the study area, represented by urborendzins and constructional soils. The morphogenetic features of these soils have been studied. The soils of the beligerative complex are represented by naturally anthropogenic soils – urborendzins and constructional soils. They are polygenetic with complex phylogeny and their genesis includes at least two onogenesis. For a long time soils have been evolving naturally in form of typical rendzin, but have undergone quantitative and qualitative changes due to intensive anthropogenic activity. The genetic profile of soils is characterized by significant variability of morphological traits, the presence of eluvium of soil - forming rocks in the entire soil layer. the studied Holocene soils (modern and buried) are an integral part of the historical and cultural lands and need protection, as they contain information about the evolution of the territory and ways of its use.
Highlights
The study of the genesis of Holocene soils of beligerative complexes at the present stage of genetic-geographical research is important and arouses interest in the world soil science. This is mainly due to the presence of buried and fossil horizons in the genetic profile of these soils. This allows evolutionary, historical and paleo-soil science to solve the problems of time and evolutionary history by analyzing the genesis and geography of both modern and paleo soils within a single landscape complex with the possibility of accurate dating
Holocene soils are better preserved because they were not subjected to pedometamorphic processes of the periglacial zone of the Pleistocene-Holocene, which distinguishes them from fossilized soils of the Pleistocene[1]
Many research works have been done recently to study the genesis of Holocene soils of beligerative complexes
Summary
The study of the genesis of Holocene soils of beligerative complexes at the present stage of genetic-geographical research is important and arouses interest in the world soil science. This is mainly due to the presence of buried and fossil horizons in the genetic profile of these soils. Holocene soils are better preserved because they were not subjected to pedometamorphic processes of the periglacial zone of the Pleistocene-Holocene, which distinguishes them from fossilized soils of the Pleistocene[1] These genetic features make it possible to form fair presentation about the presence in the soil of signs of different age generations of all stages of its ontogenesis, from the parent breed to modern periods of soil life. (scale 1: 1000); large-scale topographic map (scale 1: 10000)), informational (analysis of materials on geomorphology, geological and tectonic structure, hydrogeology and historical and local lore archival materials of the museum-reserve), problemchronological (study of soil evolution under the influence of the functioning of the beligerative complex), comparative-geographical (substantiation of conclusions about the genesis of soils and patterns of their location on the basis of comparison of soils and relevant factors of soil formation in their historical development and location), archeological with morphological-genetic, ecological-genetic and systemic approaches and evolutionary paradigm of soil formation
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