Ecological and genetic features of the Ukrainian Antoninsko- Zozulinetsky species of scaly carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) population

Abstract

The main ecological and genetic features of growing in the internal reservoirs of Ukraine of promising populations of the Antonino-Zozulentskyi sparse carp are presented. A morphometric evaluation of the breeding material was conducted. The studied herd is homogeneous, the coefficients of variability are stable and correspond to the normative indexes of Ukrainian flint breed. According to the results of the analysis, the pedigrees were divided into classes, elite groups were isolated, from which the material material was formed for performing carp reproduction. Species-specific features of the genetic structure were revealed by distribution of allelic frequencies by albumin loci, esterase, transferrin. The analysis of the genetic structure showed the specificity of the distribution of allelic frequencies and genotypic composition of the protein loci. An analysis of the variety of genotypes of the studied populations in the context of the farms gave an opportunity to detect specific genotypes according to the transferrin locus, and the lack of some theoretically expected ones, namely TF АВ, ВВ snd DD. Specific in Medzhybizh fishpond, the genotypes of TF С1С1 were genotypes for scapular carps, the specifics of the TF С1С2 genotype, Antoninus — AC1 and AC2, were specific for carps from the Staraya Sinyava fishpond. The differences in terms of average heterozygosity are obtained, which makes it possible to control the level of variability in the genetic structure of the studied populations. A statistically significant excess of heterozygotes was found in most loci except TF and EST in the study group. The highest level of heterozygosity in the studied groups of carp is marked by loci ALB (78.8–82.8%) snd ME (72.7–82.8 %). The obtained data indicate that the optimal level of genetic heterogeneity (60–71%) in the carps of the «Medzhybizh» and «Antonina» sites is observed in comparison with the «Stara Synyava» section, where it is the lowest (57%). Data were obtained for the use of individual genetic-biochemical systems for differentiation and the conduct of permanent genetic monitoring of the populations of scaly carp. Promising and ecological safety of carp growing in Ukraine is proved.