Abstract
Against the background of man-made impact on the environment, the role of landscape architecture increases. Green plantings reduce the impact of adverse factors. A special role is given to coniferous plants that perform environmental-improving functions all year round. The collection of the VNIISPK arboretum includes more than 310 species, forms and varieties of woody plants representing 31 families. The most numerous family of Pinaceae includes 5 genera, one of which is the genus Abies Mill. The purpose of the study is a comprehensive assessment of ecological and biological features of the genus Abies of different origin to justify the success of the introduction in conditions of the Central Chernozem region of Russia. All the studied species have high winter hardiness in the conditions of the central part of Russia.A. balsamea, A. concolor, A. fraseri, A. lasiocarpa, and A. sibirica were resistant to infectious diseases. A. alba, A. concolor, A. fraseri, A. nephrolepis, A. sachalinensis and A. veitchii showed resistance to pests. According to the results of comprehensive assessment of the ecological and biological features of 9 introduced species of the genus Abies, three highly decorative genotypes of North American origin, resistant to a complex of adverse environmental factors, were identified: A. balsamea, A. concolor, and A. fraseri.
Highlights
The increased anthropogenic impact on the biosphere has led to global environmental perturbations and decrease in the level of environment comfort, and has created conditions that are dangerous for human health [1,2,3,4,5]
The prospects of introduction largely depend on winter-hardiness, that is, on the ability of plants to withstand a complex of environmental influences during the winter and early spring periods. This factor depends on the biological characteristics of woody plants, their age and growing conditions [6, 28, 29]
It was found that A. nephrolepis is in poor condition and has a weak vitality, which is associated with the low resistance of this species to diseases
Summary
The increased anthropogenic impact on the biosphere has led to global environmental perturbations and decrease in the level of environment comfort, and has created conditions that are dangerous for human health [1,2,3,4,5]. Against this background, the role of landscape architecture is increasing as one of the main directions of creating a harmonious human environment. Specialists face two main tasks: the preservation of existing green areas and the creation of new green plantings, which must have great resistance to anthropogenic pressure and meet high aesthetic requirements [12, 16]
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