Abstract
Abstract The Jalapao region lies within the State of Tocantins, in north Brazil. It is located within the Cerrado biome, characterized by a rainy season (October to April) and a dry season (May to September). The traditional communities of Jalapao use the scape of two morphotypes of Syngonanthus nitens (golden grass), called douradao and douradinho, to make handicrafts. The douradao type is taller and grows on the wet, clay soils of closed grasslands (campos fechados), while the douradinho is found on the wet and sandy soils of open grasslands (campos abertos). The artisans seem to favor the douradao morphotype for its longer scapes. Root, leaf, and scape anatomy of S. nitens were studied to identify environmental adaptations and structures that influence the choice of the artisans. The following characteristics are adaptive responses of S. nitens to wet soils: roots that store air, leaf epidermis and hypodermis composed of thin-walled cells, and mesophyll containing air canals. The douradao type has a br...
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