Abstract
Abstract The species Eugenia punicifolia (Kunth) DC. (myrtle) occurs in the coastal region of the state of Ceará and has ecological and medicinal importance. This study aimed to characterize the leaf anatomy of myrtle (E. punicifolia) in the rainy and dry seasons, as well as in the sun and shade in the restinga region of the state of Ceará and to contribute to the understanding of the morphoanatomic variations in response to the natural conditions of the occurrence of this species. For this, collections of fully expanded leaves were performed at the Botanical Park of Ceará and fixed in FAA70, being replaced by 70% ethanol after 24 hours. The usual anatomical procedures were then performed in order to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the leaf blade, petiole and epidermis structures. As a result, it was found that myrtle has xeromorphic characteristics such as thick cuticle, hypoestomatic leaf and sclerenchyma fibers in the median vein vascular bundles. It was concluded that E. punicifolia has great plasticity to adjust well under the analyzed conditions.
Highlights
Material and methodsEugenia punicifolia (Kunth) DC. (Myrtaceae), popularly known as myrtle, is a plant commonly found in the coast of Ceará (BRAZ et al, 2004; BFG, 2015; GONÇALVES et al, 2017)
Leaf anatomy is studied to ensure the identification of species of the same genus, guiding the ideal ecological conditions for the collection of leaves used in the production of natural medicines, and helping to explain the strategies of plants to survive in the various environmental conditions imposed on their habitat (RAMOS et al, 2016; ANDRADE; LAMEIRA, 2017), among them the influence of seasonality and luminosity (PACHECOSILVA; DONATO, 2016; OLIVEIRA et al, 2016; LEMOS et al, 2018)
Species of the genus Eugenia have the following leaf morphoanatomic characteristics: epidermis cells with straight to winding anticlinal walls (DEFAVERI et al, 2011; ESPOSITO-POLESI et al, 2011; DIAS et al, 2012; SÁ et al, 2016; LEMOS et al, 2018); paracitic stomata found on the abaxial face (DEFAVERI et al, 2011; ESPOSITO-POLESI et al, 2011; DIAS et al, 2012; LEMOS et al, 2018); unistratified epidermis (ESPOSITOPOLESI et al, 2011; SÁ et al, 2016; LEMOS et al, 2018); presence of secretory structures (DONATO; MORRETES, 2009; ESPOSITO-POLESI et al, 2011; SA et al, 2016; LEMOS et al, 2018); and large number of druses (DONATO; MORRETES, 2009; ESPOSITOPOLESI et al, 2011; SÁ et al, 2016)
Summary
Material and methodsEugenia punicifolia (Kunth) DC. (Myrtaceae), popularly known as myrtle, is a plant commonly found in the coast of Ceará (BRAZ et al, 2004; BFG, 2015; GONÇALVES et al, 2017). (Myrtaceae), popularly known as myrtle, is a plant commonly found in the coast of Ceará (BRAZ et al, 2004; BFG, 2015; GONÇALVES et al, 2017). It has fruits very appreciated by wild animals and its leaves have compounds with antioxidant, antinoceptive and anti-inflammatory effect (GALENO et al, 2014; BASTING et al, 2014; SILVA; PEDRONE, 2014). Species of the genus Eugenia have the following leaf morphoanatomic characteristics: epidermis cells with straight to winding anticlinal walls (DEFAVERI et al, 2011; ESPOSITO-POLESI et al, 2011; DIAS et al, 2012; SÁ et al , 2016; LEMOS et al, 2018); paracitic stomata found on the abaxial face (DEFAVERI et al, 2011; ESPOSITO-POLESI et al, 2011; DIAS et al, 2012; LEMOS et al, 2018); unistratified epidermis (ESPOSITOPOLESI et al, 2011; SÁ et al, 2016; LEMOS et al, 2018); presence of secretory structures (DONATO; MORRETES, 2009; ESPOSITO-POLESI et al, 2011; SA et al, 2016; LEMOS et al, 2018); and large number of druses (DONATO; MORRETES, 2009; ESPOSITOPOLESI et al, 2011; SÁ et al, 2016)
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