Eco-friendly synthesis and characterization of gold nanoparticles using Klebsiella pneumoniae

Chelladurai Malarkodi,Gnanadhas Gnanajobitha,Kanniah Paulkumar,Mahendran Vanaja,Shanmugam Rajeshkumar,Gurusamy Annadurai

doi:10.1186/2193-8865-3-30

Abstract

Abstract The thrust to develop eco-friendly procedures for the production of nanoparticles arises from the extremely recent nanotechnology research. Extracellular biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles was achieved by an easy biological procedure using Klebsiella pneumoniae as the reducing agent. After exposing the gold ions to K. pneumoniae, rapid reduction of gold ions is observed foremost to the formation of gold nanoparticles in colloidal solution. UV-vis spectrum of the aqueous medium containing gold nanoparticles showed a peak around 560 nm. The crystalline nature of the particles was confirmed from an X-ray diffractometer. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) micrograph analysis of the gold nanoparticles indicated that they were well dispersed and ranged in sizes 35 to 65 nm. The high crystalline in the FCC phase is evidenced by bright circular spots in a selected-area electron diffraction pattern and clear lattice fringes in the high-resolution TEM image. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed possible involvement of reductive groups on the surface of nanoparticles. The method exploits a cheap and easily available biomaterial not explored so far for the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles.

Highlights

The silver ions can leak into industrial wastewater due to the corrosion of tubes and the inner surfaces of generators
single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT)-CONH-(CH2)6NH2 is a good absorbent for silver cations
The SWCNT-CONH-(CH2)6NH2 is produced by the reaction of “NH2(CH2)6NH2” and SWCNT-COOH

Summary

Introduction

The silver ions can leak into industrial wastewater due to the corrosion of tubes and the inner surfaces of generators. Depending on preparation method and processing conditions, single-wall (SW), double-wall (DW) or multi-wall (MW) CNTs of various lengths, diameters (and, aspect ratio) and chirality can be incorporated. This is while suitable chemical or physical treatments may lead to different surface morphologies, which, in turn, may improve their dispersion and adhesion in the polymeric matrix [9]. CNTs were first introduced by Britto et al [13] for use in electrochemistry due to their small size and conductivity. Gaussian 09 and How to GaussView 5 Programs Version 1. O’Boyle, N.M., Tenderholt, A.L., Langner, K.M.: Cclib: a library for package-independent computational chemistry algorithms.

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Conclusion