Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of magnetic polymer imprinted diatomite composite (MPIDC) to remove of palladium from aqueous solutions. The chemical co-precipitation method was used to synthesis of MPIDC. The obtained results from study of the MPIDC adsorbent characterization, indicated the presence of sodium alginate, diatomite and Fe3O4 in the MPIDC structure.The BJH desorption cumulative pore volume, the average pore size of the sample and the BET specific surface area were 1.343 cm3g−1, 24.605 nm and 63.44 m2g−1, respectively. Modeling studies were done using R software based on response surface methodology (RSM). The ANOVA analysis was used in order to determine the best-fit model. Based on the results obtained from ANOVA analysis, the second-order model (SO), indicated a satisfactory adjustment with experimental data. The solver method was applied for optimization study. Based on the results obtained from solver method, the maximum adsorption performance of 90.04% (involving all parameters simultaneously) was achieved at pH of 5.45; initial palladium concentration of 15.13 mg L−1; contact time of 104.8 min and MPIDC dosage of 0.98 g L−1. The statistical terms including coefficient of determination (R2), root mean square error (RMSE), chi-square statistic (X2), average percentage error (APE) and residual sum of squares (RSS) were used in order to determine the best-fit isotherm and kinetic models. Investigation of statistical results revealed the good agreement of experimental data with three- parameter nonlinear Sips model. Therefore, adsorption of palladium onto MPIDC, at high concentration is related to Langmuir model, whereas the adsorption process at the low concentrations of palladium implies from Freundlich model. Based on the Sips model, maximum adsorption capacity of MPIDC was calculated 60.2 mg g−1. With comparison of the nonlinear kinetic models, pseudo-second-order was found to agree well with the experimental data. It reveals adsorption of palladium molecules onto sorption sites on the adsorbent surface is based on a chemical adsorption.The thermodynamic data revealed the exothermic nature and spontaneous sorption for the adsorption of palladium onto MPIDC.
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