Eco-friendly process for soft drink industries wastewater reuse as growth medium for Saccharomyces cerevisiae production

Abstract

Soft drink industries suffer inadequate handling of their product losses generally considered as wastes. Those products contribute to the wastewater organic load augmentation and cause fastidious environmental impact. In this study, an industrial scale bioconversion process based on multistage fermentation was proposed to treat and reuse soft drink factories’ high-loaded effluents for valuable components production. An upstream segregation of non-consumed beverage was performed to reduce the organic load of the soft drink wastewater. Beverage characterization revealed an important sugar content. Such an organic compound is undoubtedly responsible of the high organic load of soft drink wastewater. Thus, the bioconversion of the sugar content of soft drink waste to single-cell proteins was proposed as a solution to reduce wastewater polluting load. Soft drink wastewater including rejected and returned products was tested to be used as a substrate for yeast biomass production using a commercial yeast strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The effect of nutrient supplementation and the initial sugar concentration effect in culture media on the biomass production were investigated using batch and fed-batch process. Results indicated that supplementation is necessary for successful fermentation. Juices and nectars gave better sugar-biomass conversion yields (0.38–0.45 g g−1). Depletion of the sugar contained in the soft drinks exceeded 96 % for all fermented media. Fed-batch culture revealed a biomass concentration improvement reaching 9.16 g L−1 compared to batch biomass concentration resulting from batch cultures (5.2 g L−1). The proposed process was shown to enable beverage industries to reduce water pollution generation through an on-site segregation procedure and a storage system to valorize product losses as source medium for single-cell protein production.