Abstract
“April 2014 average CO2 value was 401.33 ppm in air, the first monthly average over 400 ppm in human history” – tweeted the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in San Diego, US on 1 May 2014. The tweet was indeed alarming as the 400 parts per million (ppm) CO2 level in air was exceeded for the very first time in 800,000 years. The constant rise in the levels of greenhouse gases viz. CO2, CH4, N2O, O3 and CFCs has led to global warming and many other environmental adversities necessitating immediate mitigation of climate change. It is observed that the last decade between years 2000-2010 caused more damage than any of the previous eras. This decade led to the rise of 0.850C of combined ocean and land temperature, rising sea levels, diminishing snow and ice sheets, shrinking glaciers, shifting seasons, ocean acidification and affecting food productivity.
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