Abstract
Of late, researchers have taken interest in alternative medicines for the treatment of brain ischemic stroke, where full recovery is rarely seen despite advanced medical technologies. Due to its antioxidant activity, Echinochrome A (Ech A), a natural compound found in sea urchins, has acquired attention as an alternative clinical trial source for the treatment of ischemic stroke. The current study demonstrates considerable potential of Ech A as a medication for cerebral ischemic injury. To confirm the effects of Ech A on the recovery of the injured region and behavioral decline, Ech A was administered through the external carotid artery in a rat middle cerebral artery occlusion model after reperfusion. The expression level of cell viability-related factors was also examined to confirm the mechanism of brain physiological restoration. Based on the results obtained, we propose that Ech A ameliorates the physiological deterioration by its antioxidant effect which plays a protective role against cell death, subsequent to post cerebral ischemic stroke.
Highlights
Medical knowledge and technology have advanced considerably, cerebral ischemic stroke patients experience pain with severe disabilities and high mortality due to brain damage resulting from middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) [1,2]
To confirm the mitigative effect of Echinochrome A (Ech A) on cerebral ischemic disease, rat MCAo models were exposed to 10 μM Ech A and subsequently assessed for brain infarct volume and water content
Ech A was rarely used for the treatment of brain ischemic stroke
Summary
Medical knowledge and technology have advanced considerably, cerebral ischemic stroke patients experience pain with severe disabilities and high mortality due to brain damage resulting from middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) [1,2]. The progression of pathological changes in acute ischemic stroke includes oxidative stress, free radical production, brain edema, neuronal apoptosis, and death [3,4]. Ech A is an active substance in the cardioprotective drug Histochrome, registered in Russia (P N002363/01) It presented a positive outcome in animal disease model with experimental hemorrhagic stroke as previously described [10]. Despite the restoration of blood flow to rescue the ischemic brain, reperfusion is known to aggravate oxidative stress damage and generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) [12]. Researchers have rarely considered Ech A as a therapeutic candidate to overcome brain ischemic stroke. Based on the results obtained using an experimental rat MCAo model, we demonstrate the potential of Ech A for treating brain ischemic stroke. Our results indicate that the administration of Ech A influences the expression of cell viability related factors, thereby confirming its effect on physiological improvements
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