Eastern termination of the Altyn Tagh Fault, western China: Constraints from a magnetotelluric survey

Abstract

AbstractThe left‐lateral Altyn Tagh Fault forms the northern boundary of the Tibetan Plateau. The strike‐slip rate of the active Altyn Tagh Fault decreases northeastward and reduces close to zero as it passes north of the Qilian Shan. This geometry raises controversies on whether and how the fault terminates or extends further east. To address these controversies, wide‐band magnetotelluric data were collected along four profiles across the Altyn Tagh Fault ranging from 135 to 261 km in length. All four profiles are located in the foreland of the Qilian Shan Ranges and are oriented perpendicular to the inferred fault zone that could be the continuation of Altyn Tagh Fault. Both the two‐dimensional and three‐dimensional electrical resistivity models derived from our magnetotelluric data show that the Hexi Corridor crust is generally of low resistivity, whereas the crust of the Huahai–Jinta basin is, in general, of high resistivity with a local and isolated low‐resistivity anomaly within the mid‐lower crust. The generally high‐resistivity crust of the Huahai–Jinta basin may be rheologically unfavorable for the Altyn Tagh Fault passing through the basin toward the northeast. The entirely different electrical structure between the Hexi Corridor and its northern neighbors indicates the existence of a tectonic boundary that coincides with the Altyn Tagh Fault in the west and reverse faults in the east. The two‐dimensional electrical conductivity models suggest that the Altyn Tagh Fault transfers from a single fault in the west to a branching set of mainly dip‐slip faults in the east.