Abstract

Unitunnel is a method of inserting factory made pipe sections into the ground. Pneumatically inflated hoops interposed between the end of concrete pipe sections are used as toroidal flat jacks to propel the tunnel lining forward continuously as material is excavated at the face. The system overcomes many problems which have beset tunnel jacking in soft ground, particularly those of settlement and of high soil friction. (Author/TRRL)

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