Abstract
Seismic response of a breakwater founded on a thick liquefiable silt layer is evaluated through the numerical modeling. An economic design of breakwater rested on extremely thick sediments of loose or liquefiable soils may prefer no ground improvement. However, in a seismic environment, such breakwaters are potentially vulnerable to failure due to earthquake-induced pore pressure generation within the underlying deposits. Results of the present models are compared with the centrifuge data, as the verification stage of the numerical study. In Part I, a benchmark model without any liquefaction countermeasure has been considered. In Part II, additional models with remediation are analyzed and compared with no remediation case. The stone column method has been considered as the liquefaction countermeasure.
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