Earthquake Resilience Framework for a Stormwater Pipe Infrastructure System Integrating the Best Worst Method and Dempster–Shafer Theory

Maryam Garshasbi,Golam Kabir

doi:10.3390/su14052710

Abstract

Stormwater pipe infrastructure is a fundamental requirement of any nation, but pipes can be damaged in natural disasters. Consequently, evaluating the resilience of stormwater infrastructure to earthquake damage is an essential duty for any city because it outlines the capability to recover from a disaster after the event. The resilience quantification process needs various data types from various sources, and uncertainty and partial data may be included. This study recommends a resilience assessment framework for stormwater pipe infrastructure facing earthquake hazards using Hierarchical Evidential Reasoning (HER) on the basis of the Dempster–Shafer (D-S) theory. The developed framework was implemented in the City of Regina, SK, Canada to quantify the resilience of the stormwater pipe infrastructure. First, various resilience factors were identified from the literature. Based on experts’ judgment, the weight of these factors was determined using the Best Worst Method (BWM). After that, the resilience was determined using the D–S theory. Finally, sensitivity analysis was conducted to examine the sensitivity of the factors of the recommended hierarchical stormwater infrastructure resilience model. The recommended earthquake resilience assessment model produced satisfying outcomes, which showed the condition state of resilience with the degree of uncertainty.

Highlights

Water systems play a double function as infrastructure systems
The introduced method was a fuzzy-rule-based approach of choosing between alternative infrastructure architectures. This method involves thoughts that are most important while deciding on a strategy for resilience
There were studies related to different water infrastructures as mentioned but there is a scarcity of literature that directly computes stormwater pipe infrastructure’s resilience against earthquake hazards

Summary

Introduction

Water systems play a double function as infrastructure systems. On one hand, they provide water services; on the other hand, they decrease risks to different services from natural hazards such as floods and droughts [1]. Important water infrastructure systems such as stormwater, distribution, wastewater, drinking water line, transmission, collection, and treatment are crucial elements for any healthy community [2]. Storm sewer drainage systems are essential in flooding prevention. They assist in diverting excess rain and groundwater, which runs off impervious surfaces such as roofs, parking lots, sidewalks, and paved streets into neighboring waterways in a system of drains and underground pipes. Storm sewer systems are varied in the concept of design, from simple residential drainage to complicated municipal drains [3]

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