Abstract
This study attempts to demonstrate the utility of differential synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry and very high resolution satellite optical data for the assessment of earthquake risk, using a geographical information system (GIS), in the western part of the Gulf of Corinth, a seismically active region of Greece that suffered the effects of the Eigion earthquake (magnitude M = 6.1) of 15 June 1995. During the project, both archive and newly acquired European remote sensing satellite (ERS) data were used to generate conventional differential interferograms and produce a deformation map over the area. An IKONOS-2 image was used to create and update information concerning urban structures like buildings, road networks, and facilities like hospitals, churches, and factories. A first attempt to evaluate the Earth observation (EO) contribution in the earthquake risk assessment system shows that the differential interferometric synthetic aperture radar (DInSAR) is suitable only for co-seismic deformation monitoring, and very high resolution data perform very well in the mapping of urban structures.
Highlights
Over the last two decades the Greek government has proceeded with infrastructure development within the western part of Greece
In the pseudo-color image produced from band 1, the most spectacular change is represented by a blue linear feature connecting mainland Greece to the Peloponnesus; this is the Rio-Antirio cable bridge completed in 2004 and inaugurated just before the Athens Olympic Games (Figure 2)
The blue color indicates that this bridge did not exist when the first two satellite images were acquired but did exist when the third satellite image was acquired. It is clearly depicted on the 2005 Landsat image, which has been assigned to the blue channel
Summary
Several construction sites were developed in the area surrounding the Antirio deltaic fan (Figure 1) Some of these are still ongoing as planned (quarries, highways, junctions, tunnels, etc.) and a high quality highway will be completed during the decade, providing easier, safer and faster transportation in western Greece. In addition to these sites supporting new highway construction, a new river dam was created to supply fresh water to the eastern part of mainland Greece from the mountainous and densely forested area of western Greece where precipitation is much higher. The most efficient way to observe environmental alterations on such a wide scale, is the use of various remote sensing data, especially medium to high resolution and the methodology is described in detail
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