Earrings from the Excavation of the Cemetery without Mounds Psebeps-3 of the Middle of the 14th – Beginning of the 15th Century in the Krasnodar Krai

Abstract

The earrings, one of the numerous groups of jewelry in the burial inventory of the cemetery without mounds Psebeps-3 of the second half of the 14th – early 15th century in the Krasnodar Krai are examined by the author. The typology of earrings, their location, their dependence on the gender, age, social and property belonging of the buried person are considered. The typology of G.A. Fedorov-Davydov is used in the classification of earrings. Statistical analysis by types indicates a significant predominance of type I and II earrings in the burial ground (68 %), that corresponds to the general historical background for the sites of the Golden Horde circle. Earrings of types VI, X, XII are presented approximately in equal proportions. X-type earrings are more typical for the Kuban region. The results of the gender and age determination of the buried people indicate that earrings were typical for women and girls of all ages, although they were found just in about half of women's burials. The most frequent occurrence of earrings in the burials is 1–2 finds. They are not found in the male burials. In some cases, earrings can indicate the important place of a woman in society. The importance and prospects of further research are determined by the results of paleo-anthropological and numismatic studies.