Early Warning System of Flood Disaster Using JSN-SR04 and Rainfall Sensor Based on Internet of Things

Abstract

Flood disasters are a problem that is difficult to detect because of the sudden arrival. Flooding is caused by the high intensity of rainfall with a long duration until river water overflows and it will make some property losses and even casualties. Therefore, the development of technology that provide early warning system is needed for reduce the risk of losses caused by floods. This study will combine the JSN-SR04 sensor with rainfall equipped with the Internet of Things (IoT) technology. This proposed system can detect the changes of water level, rainfall intensity and the system also can predict when flooding will occur. With the support of IoT technology, the system can send an information about water level and rainfall data to mobile phones installed with AWS applications. In this study, the communication system was designed into two parts, namely the sender module and the receiver module. In the sender module we used the programmable Atmega328P microcontroller for processing the data from the JSN-SR04. This sensor will read into water level values and rainfall sensors into rainfall intensity values, then the data will be sent to the receiving module using the Long Range (LoRa) module. In the receiver module using the programmable ESP32 microcontroller, the microcontroller and LoRa in this module will process the data that has been sent by the sending module and classified into flood levels and precipitation levels and then the data is sent to the AWS application installed on the mobile phone. In addition, in this receiver module there is an OLED that functions to display data, relays and sirens to provide warnings in the form of sounds when the flood level or water level is at level 3. Based on the results of implementation and testing at the ciyasana dam, data on flood and rainfall levels are at level 1 by following the provisions in the ciyasana dam.