Early Warning for Natural and Manmade Disaster

Abstract

Abstract: Emergency and disaster are on the rise in the world. One of the most important components of disaster risk management is the early warning system. Studies have shown divergent models of warning systems with different structures. However, since no systematic review of early warning systems in disasters has been conducted so far, a systematic review of the models, components, and structures of these systems is essential. This protocol is a systematic review study, which aims to evaluate the existing warning systems and their structure. An Early Warning System (EWS) represents the set of capacities needed to generate and disseminate timely and meaningful warning information that enables at-risk individuals, communities and organizations to prepare and act appropriately and in sufficient time to reduce harm or loss. On one hand, the gathering, processing and presentation of information in a consistent and meaningful manner to allow the generation of alert messages and, on the other hand, the generation and transmission of alert messages to the citizens at risk means of warning communication. An EWS allows harm and loss reduction with getting and disseminating warning information about hazards and vulnerabilities in a group of people who are considered at risk. Each word has an important meaning, for example, community involves a network of social interaction, early refers to prevention of any disaster or reduction of the potential harm or damage, warning means a message that announces danger and system put all together.