Abstract
To assess atrophy differences among brain regions and time-dependent changes after whole-brain radiation therapy (WBRT). Twenty patients with lung cancer who underwent both WBRT and chemotherapy (WBRT group) and 18 patients with lung cancer who underwent only chemotherapy (control group) were recruited. Three-dimensional T1WI were analyzed to calculate volume reduction ratio after WBRT in various brain structures. The volume reduction ratio of the hippocampus was compared among following 3 periods: 0-3, 4-7, and 8-11months after WBRT. The volume reduction ratio of the hippocampus was significantly higher in the WBRT group than in the control group (p < 0.05). In WBRT group, the volume reduction ratio of the hippocampus was significantly higher than that of the cortex and white matter (p < 0.05). There were significant differences in the volume reduction ratio between of 0-3months and that of 4-7months (p = 0.02) and between 4-7months and that of 8-11months (p = 0.01). The hippocampus is more vulnerable to the radiation compared with other brain regions and may become atrophic even in the early stage after WBRT.
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