Abstract
Two classes of ‘Trimpi’ modulation of VLF signals in the Earth-ionosphere waveguide have been identified in the literature. The more common type occurs l s or more after causative lightning strokes, the second in less than 100 ms. We explore the possibility that these early Trimpi events result from lighting-generated, electric field impulses lowering the mirror altitudes of trapped electrons. To overcome the mirror force on energetic electrons, upward-directed electric fields with strengths of a few tens of mV/m are required. This is well within the range of electric fields observed on sounding rockets above thunderstorms.
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