Abstract
Cu-Zn-Al single crystals were pseudoelastically cycled between the bcc austenitic phase (β) and the 18R martensite, in the cryogenic range. The microstructural changes which take place in the bulk were studied by different techniques and a consistent description of the defects which are formed is presented. Dislocations and trapped martensite are retained in two-dimensional arrays parallel to the basal plane of the martensite (basal plane defects), and these defects are responsible for the strong temperature effect on the mechanical behaviour of the alloys. The dislocations form the bulk defects during the first cycling stage, and afterwards internal stresses are high enough to retain martensite which shows a 2H structure. Partial recovery takes place at temperatures close to room temperature, which supports the role that point defects play in the mechanical behaviour of these alloys.
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