Early rule out of acute myocardial infarction in ED patients: value of combined high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T and ultrasensitive copeptin assays at admission

Abstract

ObjectiveWe sought to evaluate the added value of ultrasensitive copeptin (us-copeptin) for early rule out of acute myocardial infarction in a prospective cohort of emergency department (ED) patients with acute chest pain. MethodsThis was a prospective study including consecutive patients with acute chest pain presenting to the ED within 12 hours of symptom onset. High-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT, Roche Diagnostics, Meylan, France) and us-copeptin (ThermoFisher Scientific, Clichy, France) were blindly assayed from venous blood samples obtained at admission. Diagnosis was made by 2 ED physicians using all available data and serial cardiac troponin I as the biochemical standard. Diagnostic performances of us-copeptin combined with hs-cTnT were assessed using logistic regression. Analysis was conducted in all patients and in patients without ST-elevation myocardial infarction. ResultsA total of 194 patients were included (age, 61 [48-75] years; male sex, 63%). Acute myocardial infarction occurred in 52 (27%) patients, including non–ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) in 25 (13%). Patients with acute myocardial infarction had higher levels of hs-cTnT (50 [95% confidence interval, 19-173] ng/L) and us-copeptin (30 [13-113] pmol/L) at admission compared with those without (P < .05). Combination of markers significantly improved receiver operating characteristic area under the curve (from 0.89 [0.85-0.92] for hs-cTnT alone to 0.93 [0.89-0.97], P = .018). Sensitivity and negative predictive value were increased, particularly for NSTEMI diagnosis (sensitivity, 76% [54.9-90.6] to 96% [79.6-99.9]; negative predictive value, 95% [90.4-98.3] to 98.9% [94.2 to 100]). ConclusionAssessment of us-copeptin combined with hs-cTnT on ED admission could allow safe and early rule out of NSTEMI for patients with negative results on both markers and help identify patients who may be suitable for discharge.