Early results of total hip replacement in avascular necrosis of head of femur in patients with sickle cell disease: a retrospective observational study

Abstract

Background: Total hip arthroplasty (THA) has become the mainstay of treatment in SCD patients with symptomatic AVN that has progressed to end-stage arthritis. This patient population is often young and active at the time of surgery, potentially predisposing them to a higher risk of implant failure than those undergoing THA for primary osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: This retrospective study included 15 patients (age, 25–45 years; 5 males and 10 females) who underwent THR. The Harris Hip Score (HHS) was used to assess functional outcomes. All patients were followed up at 6-weekly intervals then 6-monthly intervals. Results: The mean follow-up period was 12 to 18 months. The mean preoperative HHSs was 45.22±021. Postoperatively, a subsequent increase in HHS was found, and a significant difference between pre and postoperative pain. Conclusion: THA remains an effective treatment modality for osteonecrosis of the hip in SCD patients. However, these patients are at increased risk of medical and surgical complications. Surgeons should be aware of the unique challenges in this patient population when counseling and managing these patients in the perioperative period.