Early results from CASCARA: A phase 2 study of cabazitaxel/carboplatin plus abiraterone in high-volume metastatic castrate-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC).

Abstract

5071 Background: Best treatment of mCSPC involves doublet therapy (ADT + novel hormonal agent) or triplet therapy (ADT + novel hormone + docetaxel); however, opportunity remains for further improvement. Studies show that homologous recombination repair (HRR) gene mutations are enriched in metastatic prostate cancer, and may portend resistance to docetaxel. CASCARA tested quadruplet therapy (ADT + cabazitaxel/carboplatin + abiraterone) in high-volume mCSPC, aiming to enhance PSA responses and decrease progression at 1 year. Methods: This phase 2 study enrolled 61 mCSPC patients with high-volume disease who received ADT plus cabazitaxel (20 mg/m2 q21d x 6) and carboplatin (AUC=4 q21d x 6) followed by abiraterone (1000 mg, plus prednisone 5 mg). Primary endpoint was freedom from PSA/radiographic progression at 1 year. Other endpoints included PSA50 response, freedom from PSA progression, and safety. Archival biopsies were retrospectively evaluated for HRR ( BRCA1/2, ATM, CHEK2, CDK12, BRIP1, RAD51B) mutations at a CLIA-certified lab. A sample size of 61 was determined using a Simon two-stage design (stage 1: 32 men, stage 2: 29 men) with a null hypothesis of a 1-year PSA/radiographic progression-free rate of 0.80 against a one-sided alternative of 0.92. Results: From 11/2019 to 06/2022, 61 men enrolled at 7 sites. Median age was 64 (range, 45–76) years; 21% were African American. Median baseline PSA was 8.9 (range, 0.1–1021) ng/mL. 44% of men had ECOG=1. 91% had Gleason sum 8–10. Prevalence of DNA alterations (50 evaluable pts) was 18% for HRR mutations, 38% for TP53 muts, 22% for ERG fusions, 10% for SPOP muts. Freedom from PSA/radiographic progression at 1 year was 77% (95% CI, 63–87%), and freedom from PSA progression at 1 year was 81% (95% CI, 67–90%). The PSA50 rate response was 97%. PSA ≤0.2 ng/mL at month-7, a surrogate for survival in other mCSPC studies, was 61%; PSA ≤4 ng/mL at month-7 was 82%. Outcomes according to mutation status are shown. AEs included 7% grade (Gr)-3/4 myelosuppression, 8% Gr-3/4 infections, 10% Gr-3 GI disorders, and 3% Gr-3 fatigue. There were 4 treatment-related discontinuations. Conclusions: Quadruplet therapy with ADT + cabazitaxel/carboplatin + abiraterone was well tolerated. At 1 year, 77% of pts were progression-free. PSA ≤0.2 ng/mL at month-7 was 61%, exceeding the historical month-7 PSA ≤0.2 ng/mL rate of 45% in CHAARTED–docetaxel arm. Further exploration of this quadruplet strategy in randomized phase III studies is warranted. Clinical trial information: NCT03934840 . [Table: see text]