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Abstract
Infantile haemangiomas (IHs) are the most common benign soft tissue tumours in children. Usually, they evolve without clinical incurrences and regression of the lesion can occur spontaneously in the first years of life. The decision for treatment is dependent upon the intrinsic characteristics of the lesion such as location, extension, functional compromise and complications.We present the case of a newborn who was clinically accessed during ambulatory routine consultation when a lesion with 5x5 centimetres compatible with an IH was first observed. Inflammatory signs with no active bleeding were present and the newborn displayed signs of discomfort during a diaper change and manipulation of the anogenital area. For this reason, a referral was made for observation in a central hospital with specialised paediatrics, paediatric surgery and dermatology support. A 10-day antibiotic course with flucloxacillin and local topical care with silver sulfadiazine cream and barrier cream with zinc oxide were adopted, achieving a good clinical outcome. Laboratory workup, cardiovascular assessment, imagiological investigation with abdominopelvic and spinal cord ultrasonography as well as lumbosacral magnetic resonance imaging were all normal.Ulceration is the most prevalent complication of IHs and it is associated with pain, recurrent bleeding, infection and difficult scarring, thus early recognition and directed treatment are essential to achieve a good clinical outcome.
Highlights
Infantile haemangiomas (IHs) are the most common non-malignant vascular type of tumours in paediatric age affecting up to 5%-10% of infants in the first years of life [1,2]
We present the case of a newborn who was clinically accessed during ambulatory routine consultation when a lesion with 5x5 centimetres compatible with an IH was first observed
We present the case of a 17-day-old term male newborn with non-contributory prenatal and family history, who was delivered in a central hospital with a normal adaptation to an extra-uterine life environment
Summary
Infantile haemangiomas (IHs) are the most common non-malignant vascular type of tumours in paediatric age affecting up to 5%-10% of infants in the first years of life [1,2]. Intrinsic patient factors (such as gender, ethnicity, low birth weight), the evolutionary phase of the IH, lesion’s size and anatomical location as well as the morphologic subtype of the IH, can determine the need for a stricter vigilance, requiring direct pharmacological or local intervention. This might especially occur in the 10% of cases when there is a direct life threat, involvement of vital organs, functional compromise, recurrent ulceration of the lesion and unacceptable aesthetic compromise [4-6]. Despite a good clinical outcome, he remains under strict follow-up and other therapeutical approaches may be needed depending on the lesion’s evolution in the following months
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