Abstract
We evaluated whether maternal triglycerides (TGs) or fructosamine (measured in early pregnancy) predominantly contribute to birth weight (BW), in a foetal sexual dimorphism. Analysis of data from the Amsterdam Born Children and their Development cohort study (total n= 3514). Maternal nonfasting TGs and fructosamine were determined in early gestation (median 13 weeks). Multivariable linear regression analysis was used to determine whether maternal TGs or fructosamine was associated with BW-small for gestational age (SGA)-large for gestational age (LGA) and whether it was sex-dependent. With each 1 mmol/L increase in TGs, BW increased significantly by 81.7g. This increase was larger with boys (107.3g; 95% CI 66-148) than girls (60.5g; 95% CI 23.6-97.4). No association was found with fructosamine. When including different covariates (gestational age at blood sampling, total duration of pregnancy, maternal height, age, parity, ethnicity, educational level, smoking, alcohol, and pre-pregnancy BMI), 29% of the variance in BW can be explained. Adding fructosamine to this model gave no added value in predicting BW, in contrast to adding TGs (R2 raised from 0.292 to 0.299, p< .001). The odds of a newborn LGA with higher maternal TG were increased (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.3-2.0), in contrast to fructosamine. Maternal TGs were more dominant (compared to fructosamine) in its association with BW (measured in early physiological pregnancy) and more prominently present when carrying a male foetus. These remarkable observations warrant more future research, especially in obese patients at risk for gestational diabetes.
Published Version
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