Early Preeclampsia Effect on Preterm Newborns Outcome.

Melinda Matyas,Gabriela Zaharie,Ciprian N Silaghi,Monica Hasmasanu,Iulia Lupan,Gabriel Samasca,Kovacs Orsolya

doi:10.3390/jcm11020452

Abstract

Background: An early form of preeclampsia is rare. Abnormal placentation, placental perfusion disorders, and inflammatory cytokine release will have an effect on the fetus and newborn. Material and methods: The study group consisted of preterm newborns whose mothers had a history of preeclampsia and a gestational age of between 30 weeks and 34 weeks + 6 days. The control group consists of neonates matched for gestational age with the case group, whose mothers had normal blood pressure. The incidence and severity of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), intraventricular hemorrhage, hypoglycemia, pH gas changes, and hematological parameters were analyzed in the two groups. Results: The study group of preterm neonates had a lower birth weight than the control group (p < 0.001). Most of the deliveries in the group of newborns exposed to preeclampsia were performed by cesarean section. Severe forms of RDS were two times more frequent in the group of newborns exposed to preeclampsia compared to those in the control group. Even though we expected to see a lower incidence, owing to the high number of deliveries by cesarean section, we still observed a higher rate of intraventricular hemorrhage in the preeclampsia group (16 cases in the study group vs. 7 in the control, p = 0.085). Neutropenia and thrombocytopenia were more frequent in preterm newborns exposed to preeclampsia. Conclusions: The study shows that early preeclampsia increases the risk of complications in preterm neonates. RDS was more frequent in the exposed group than in the control group. The severity of preeclampsia correlates with hematological changes.

Highlights

Introduction published maps and institutional affilPreeclampsia is defined as hypertension in pregnancy after the gestational age of 20 weeks associated with proteinuria (>300 mg/day), multiple organ dysfunction, or uteroplacental dysfunction potentially causing intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) [1].According to ACOG (American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists), gestational hypertension is defined as hypertension with a systolic blood pressure of ≥140 mmHg or a diastolic blood pressure of ≥90 mm Hg or both without proteinuria that develops after 20 weeks of gestation with a return to normal blood pressure after delivery [2]
The demographic data analysis showed a higher mean birth weight in the unexposed group compared to the newborns exposed to maternal preeclampsia (Table 1)
We examined the association between maternal preeclampsia and preterm neonate outcomes compared to preterm newborns of the same gestational age unexposed to this maternal condition

Summary

Introduction

Introduction published maps and institutional affilPreeclampsia is defined as hypertension in pregnancy after the gestational age of 20 weeks associated with proteinuria (>300 mg/day), multiple organ dysfunction (renal, hepatic, neurological, and hematolog3e1ric involvement), or uteroplacental dysfunction potentially causing intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) [1].According to ACOG (American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists), gestational hypertension is defined as hypertension with a systolic blood pressure of ≥140 mmHg or a diastolic blood pressure of ≥90 mm Hg or both without proteinuria that develops after 20 weeks of gestation with a return to normal blood pressure after delivery [2]. Preeclampsia is defined as hypertension in pregnancy after the gestational age of 20 weeks associated with proteinuria (>300 mg/day), multiple organ dysfunction (renal, hepatic, neurological, and hematolog3e1ric involvement), or uteroplacental dysfunction potentially causing intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) [1]. According to ACOG (American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists), gestational hypertension is defined as hypertension with a systolic blood pressure of ≥140 mm. Hg or a diastolic blood pressure of ≥90 mm Hg or both without proteinuria that develops after 20 weeks of gestation with a return to normal blood pressure after delivery [2]. Severe hypertension is defined by a systolic blood pressure of >160 mm Hg or a diastolic blood pressure of ≥110 mm Hg or both [2]. Preeclampsia is defined as hypertension, developed after 20 weeks of gestation and proteinuria. The new onset of any of the following has to be associated: iations.

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Discussion

Conclusion