Early postoperative gustatory dysfunction after middle ear surgery

Abstract

Introduction: Preserving maximal quality of life is an important factor in middle ear surgery according to current standards. Taste disturbance is a common postoperative complication, which can be explained with the risk of injury due to the localisation of chorda tympani. The knowledge about this complication is mandatory for optimal surgical decision-making and for patient education as well. Objective: Investigation of early postoperative taste disturbances, to clarify the differences between the impact of different surgical interventions, and the impact of nerve manipulation. Methods: 15 stapes surgeries and 28 tympanoplasties were investigated. Patients answered subjective questionnaires before surgery and on the first postoperative day. Visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to measure the degree of disturbances (0-10). Degree of nerve manipulation was classified into 5 groups. Results: No significant differences between the impact of stapes surgeries and tympanoplasties could be found (9, 9.1; p = 0.861). In groups '0', '1' and '2', the VAS scores were 10, 9.26, and 8.5. Between the groups no manipulation (0) and significant manipulation without macroscopic injury (2), the difference was significant (10, 8.5; p = 0.039). In the stapes surgery group, no severe taste disturbance (VAS<5) was found. Discussion: In the case of adequate microscopic surgical technique, the rate of postoperative taste disturbances is relatively low. Conclusions: The rate of postoperative taste disturbance could be kept at a low level while the continuity of the chorda tympani could be preserved in the majority of cases. The postoperative morbidity rate is primarily influenced by the degree of nerve manipulation and not by the type of surgery.