Early Pleomorphic Hyalinizing Angiectatic Tumor: Precursor or Distinct Lesion?

Abstract

Early pleomorphic hyalinizing angiectatic tumor is a rare and recently described soft tissue lesion. Originally believed to be a precursor lesion to neoplastic pleomorphic hyalinizing angiectatic tumor, and possibly identical to hemosiderotic fibrohistiocytic lipomatous lesion/tumor, there have been recent suggestions that it is distinct from pleomorphic hyalinizing angiectatic tumor and is instead a reactive process. This article reports a case of a mass in the foot of a 45-year-old woman, which is 1 of only 15 published cases of early pleomorphic hyalinizing angiectatic tumor and is the first case to describe its radiographic appearance. Early pleomorphic hyalinizing angiectatic tumor predominantly develops in the fourth to sixth decades (average age, 45 years, range, 10-67 years). Females predominate 4 to 1. The foot/ankle is the most common site (67%). On magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the mass appeared inhomogeneously dark on T1-weighted sequences and inhomogeneously bright on fat-suppressed T2-weighted sequences. Forty-four percent of resected lesions recur locally, but no early pleomorphic hyalinizing angiectatic tumor lesion has ever metastasized. These clinical characteristics of early pleomorphic hyalinizing angiectatic tumors closely mirror those of hemosiderotic fibrohistiocytic lipomatous lesions/tumors and are dissimilar to those for classic pleomorphic hyalinizing angiectatic tumors. Therefore, although the 3 entities share several histologic features, we believe early pleomorphic hyalinizing angiectatic tumor is equivalent to hemosiderotic fibrohistiocytic lipomatous lesion/tumor and is not a true precursor to classic pleomorphic hyalinizing angiectatic tumor.