Early (ES) vs. late (LS) hemorrhagic shock: response of cardiac contractility [(dp/dt)max] and ex vivo Na+,K+-ATPase (NKA) activity to resuscitation (R)

Abstract

Methods: Anesthetized male Wistar rats underwent isobaric hemorrhage to a mean arterial pressure (MAP) = 40 mmHg. Late-shock (LS+R) rats were bled until 25% return of peak shed blood volume (pSBV),...