Abstract
目的 观察体外冲击波对兔长骨牵伸骨痂形成的早期作用,探讨其作用机制.方法30只成年新西兰大白兔胫骨中段截断,5 d后开始延长,每天延长1 mm,10 d后停止延长,待骨痂形成10 d;随机分成实验组和对照组,实验组于牵伸骨痂中心区进行体外冲击波(ESW)处理,冲击波能量密度0.54 mJ/mm2,脉冲1 000次;对照组不予任何处理.两组于截骨后45、60、75 d取材,采用X线片、骨密度检测对牵伸骨痂形成进行观察,并行统计学分析,组织学观察比较.结果术后45 d和60 d,X线片及骨密度检测显示实验组牵伸骨痂形成量及骨密度值明显高于对照组(P＜0.05),75 d两组比较差异无显著意义;组织学观察发现45 d实验组成熟软骨和类骨组织形成量均较对照组多,实验组新生骨痂内毛细血管数量较多,60 d实验组可见大量新生骨组织,有丰富的骨髓腔和原始骨髓,对照组以类骨组织为主,原始骨髓少,75 d两组间组织学形态趋于一致.结论在兔胫骨牵伸骨形成过程中,ESW可加速骨痂的早期形成、矿化和改建。
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