Abstract
The objective of this study was to identify, by early screening, one-month old infants with acholic or hypocholic stools for the early detection of biliary atresia and other causes of neonatal cholestasis. The study was essentially exploratory (observational, prospective, statistically underpowered and with no clinical intervention) and used a color card screening of all newborns attending the first month of life checkup from 1999 to 2002 in a public hospital in Argentina. Of 12 484 newborn infants, 4239 were examined at their first month of life checkup visit with the stool color card. Eighteen infants were identified with hypocholic stools, of whom only four were proven to have cholestasis. Although no case of biliary atresia was detected, screening by stool color cards proved useful for the detection of other causes of neonatal cholestasis.
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