Early detection of breast tumors using UWB microstrip antenna imaging

Abstract

ABSTRACTThis paper describes the detection of tumors in human breast tissues using an UWB planar antenna operating at a frequency recommended by FCC. The antenna has a measured bandwidth from 3.92 GHz to 11.32 GHz for |S11| < 10 dB. The detection technique is based on using the fact that the tumor's electrical properties, in particular conduction and specific absorption rate (SAR), change significantly from those of healthy biological tissue when exposed to microwave radiation. The hemispherical breast model used comprised breast skin, fat and the tumor tissue. Investigation was done with the tumor located at several positions inside the heterogeneous breast model. The patch antenna was operated in its near field by placed it in contact with the breast to enhance its sensitivity. High current density has been observed for various positions and sizes of the deep seated tumor while keeping SAR within safe limits specified by FCC of 1.6 W/Kg. A comparison technique is used to identify whether or not tumor (benign or malignant) is present in the breast. The results reveal the validity of the proposed simple and effective technique. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2101–2106, 2016