Abstract
Background: Data are lacking on the left atrial (LA) -left ventricular (LV) -arterial coupling for evaluating the functional abnormalities in the left heart disease. This study was designed to earlier detect the abnormal LA-LV-arterial coupling using 2-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (2DSTE) in patients with cardiovascular risk factors and no overt cardiovascular disease. Methods and Results: We studied 30 age-matched healthy individuals and 64 preclinical patients with cardiovascular risk factors, who measured carotid arterial stiffness by M-mode ultrasonography, and strain and strain rate of the LA and LV walls by 2DSTE.
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