Abstract
Peste des petits ruminants is a viral disease of sheep and goats that has spread through most of Africa as well as the Middle East and the Indian subcontinent. Although, the spread of the disease and its economic impact has made it a focus of international concern, relatively little is known about the nature of the disease itself. We have studied the early stages of pathogenesis in goats infected with six different isolates of Peste des petits ruminants virus representing all four known lineages of the virus. No lineage-specific difference in the pathogenicity of the virus isolates was observed, although there was evidence that even small numbers of cell culture passages could affect the degree of pathogenicity of an isolate. A consistent reduction in CD4+ T cells was observed at 4 days post infection (dpi). Measurement of the expression of various cytokines showed elements of a classic inflammatory response but also a relatively early induction of interleukin 10, which may be contributing to the observed disease.
Highlights
Peste de petits ruminants virus (PPRV) is a paramyxovirus that belongs to the genus Morbillivirus
Causes of pathology, apart from a recent thorough histological investigation of the distribution of the virus during the early stages of infection [10], which showed that the virus spread in a similar way to measles virus spread in humans [11,12], and a study of interleukin 4 (IL-4) and gamma interferon (IFNγ) induction during PPRV infection [13]
We found that the clinical picture was not linked to specific lineages, some isolates were slightly more pathogenic than others
Summary
Peste de petits ruminants virus (PPRV) is a paramyxovirus that belongs to the genus Morbillivirus. It is widely distributed in Africa, the Middle East and Asia, and has a major economic impact on livestock keepers in developing countries, causing a severe disease in small ruminants (sheep and goats), livestock animals that are often the prerogative of the poorer groups in these countries, especially women [1]. The virus has been spreading continuously in recent decades [2], and is beginning to receive significant attention in an effort to control and possibly even eradicate the disease [3,4]. Despite the economic and social importance of PPR as a disease, and a number of recent publications discussing potential new vaccines, the disease itself has not received very close attention. There has been little close study of the progress or
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