Abstract
Background The onset of breastfeeding has a high success rate in most countries, but the time for termination of breastfeeding varies between countries. Objective This survey was aimed to determine the effective factors on the early termination of breastfeeding. Methods This study was conducted in 2018, in Iran. About 410 mothers were enrolled in the study. All considered factors were evaluated as factors influencing the continuity of breastfeeding. Survival analysis was used to analyze data. Results The mean age of the mothers was equal to 29.48 ± 5.8 years. The frequency of termination of breastfeeding before the first 2 years was equal to 34%. The mean of breastfeeding duration was equal to 21.49 ± 5.3 months. The percentage of infants who had been breastfed for 24 months was equal to 65.8%. An infant's birth weight (2500–4000 gr) (hazard ratio: 0.54), neonatal birth order (hazard ratio: 0.69), neonatal pathologic jaundice (hazard ratio: 1.52), starting time of using complementary food (hazard ratio: 2.45), using pacifier (hazard ratio: 2.82), and the status of using artificial milk (hazard ratio: 3.29) were significantly associated with cessation of breastfeeding before 24 months of age. The probability of termination of breastfeeding at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months of age was reported by 6%, 8%, 15%, and 34%, respectively. Conclusions There were notifiable variations in breastfeeding rates both in national and international levels. Nevertheless, in this study, the mean of breastfeeding duration was longer compared to a number of countries and previous national studies.
Highlights
Breast milk is considered as the first natural food for children, and it has been shown to have nutritional, immunological, and psychological benefits [1]. e Holy Quran emphasizes that mothers should breastfeed their infants for 2 years completely, considering this as the right of the infants [2]
Years of age was reported 16.02 person-months. is was somewhat higher than that found in Ethiopia in 2016
In the study conducted in Ethiopia, the incidence rate was reported 13.70 person-months [23]. e findings of the present study showed that one-third of the mothers (34.2%) ceased breastfeeding before 24 months of age and the probability of termination of breastfeeding at 24 months of age was equal to 34%. e results of a study showed that, in Iran and Australia, mothers discontinue lactating earlier than recommended time
Summary
Breast milk is considered as the first natural food for children, and it has been shown to have nutritional, immunological, and psychological benefits [1]. e Holy Quran emphasizes that mothers should breastfeed their infants for 2 years completely, considering this as the right of the infants [2]. Is information included the age of mothers, infant sex, maternal occupation and education level, type of delivery, duration of breastfeeding, multiple birth status, children’s birth order, starting time of using complementary food, status of using artificial milk and using pacifier, and history of neonatal jaundice.
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