Early Bone Healing on Hydroxyapatite-Coated and Chemically-Modified Hydrophilic Implant Surfaces in an Ovine Model.

Elnaz Ajami,Hai Bo Wen,Sun Jin Park,Cong Fu,Marie Pollard,Jeffrey Bassett

doi:10.3390/ijms22179361

Elnaz Ajami, Hai Bo Wen + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22179361

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Abstract

Implant topography affects early peri-implant bone healing by changing the osteoconduction rate in the surrounding biological environment. Implant surfaces have been designed to promote faster and stronger bone formation for rapid and stable prosthesis loading. Early peri-implant bone healing has been observed with a sandblasted, acid-etched implant that was chemically modified to be hydrophilic (cmSLA). The present study investigates whether early peri-implant bone healing extends to a rough surface implant with a high crystalline hydroxyapatite surface (TSV MP-1 HA). Three implants were randomly placed in porous trabecular bone within both medial femoral condyles of 10 sheep. Early peri-implant bone stability was measured at 3- and 6-weeks healing time following implant insertion. Results indicated a similar implant stability quotient between the implants at insertion and over time. The significant increase over time of reverse torque values with respect to insertion torque (p < 0.001) did not differ between the implants. However, the bone-to-implant contact of TSV MP-1 HA was significantly higher than that of cmSLA implants at 6 weeks (p < 0.01). These data validate previous findings of a hydrophilic implant surface and extend the observation of early osseointegration to a rough surface implant in porous trabecular bone.

Highlights

Dental implantation triggers a cascade of events, starting with the formation of a hematoma or clot formation
The appearance is due to the application of HA as molten particles that fuse to the surface of the Tapered Screw-Vent (TSV) MP-1 HA implant (Figure 1A)
The cmSLA implant appears as a highly complex topography of pits superimposed on large craters that result from acid etching and grit blasting, respectively (Figure 1C)

Summary

Introduction

Dental implantation triggers a cascade of events, starting with the formation of a hematoma or clot formation. With the advancements in the field, various technologies have been developed to improve implant surface topography (roughness), chemistry, and surface energy in order to enhance and accelerate the peri-implant bone healing process [3]. These technologies, which can generally be grouped into physical (e.g., plasma spray coating; grit blasting) and chemical (e.g., acid- or alkaline-etching; anodizing) surface modifications [4], have been used by many dental implant companies worldwide and resulted in significant improvements in peri-implant bone healing compared to the unmodified (turned) implant surfaces [5]. The anodization process can be controlled to produce both a titanium oxide layer of porous nanotubes and additives to promote osseointegration [6]

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