Abstract
The use of dental implants has grown over the years and has led to higher success rates. To further enhance surgical outcomes, many research groups and companies have shifted their focus to surfaces roughness, wettability and chemistry. In a recent study a new dry salt bioactivate surface has been described from a chemical and physical point of view. The aim of this study is to evaluate the osteogenic response of pre-osteoblast cell lines to dry bioactivated surface. MC3T3-E1 osteogenic cell lines were cultured on SM (sandblasted and dual acid-etched surface) and HNS (SM surface with dry salts bioactive technology). Cell adhesion assay, proliferation assay and cell morphology were performed. Osteogenic activity was performed using Alizarin Red S and alkaline phosphatase. The results showed that SM surface determines a slighter but significant increase in cell adhesion and proliferation in a shorter time compared to HNS. On the contrary, HNS surface has long and intertwining filopodia that could be a response to surface HNS-topography that results in a higher stage of differentiation. The nature of the HNS surface is more prone to determine massive deposition of calcium minerals. This study is the first investigating the role of this interesting dry-salts bioactive surface during the first phase of healing and its potential biochemical advantage could be validated by future animal studies with the aim of evaluate the rate of bone implant contact in the early stages of healing.
Highlights
The introduction of the osseointegration concept by Brånemark et al [1], led the research toward the “process whereby clinically asymptomatic rigid fixation of alloplastic materials is achieved and maintained in bone during functional loading”
Sandblasted, large grit, acid-etched implant surface (SLA) treatment reformed the same topography surface shaped by osteoclasts and the osteoblast response observed on this surface is comparable to the response on surface conditioned by osteoclast [5]
The aim of the present study is to describe the response of pre-osteoblastic cells in vitro in terms of cell adhesion, proliferation, morphology, and osteodifferentiation to a new dry bioactivated salt coated surface (HNS, Hydrophilic/Nano Scale SLA surface with dry bioactive technology) and a commercial Sub-Micron Surface Roughtness (RM)
Summary
The introduction of the osseointegration concept by Brånemark et al [1], led the research toward the “process whereby clinically asymptomatic rigid fixation of alloplastic materials is achieved and maintained in bone during functional loading”. Attention has been focused on how to enhance the connection through material preparation and surface modification to achieve osseointegration: Topographic modifications through blasting with ceramic particles/acid etching and chemical modifications through titanium plasma spraying, electrochemical anodization, and calcium phosphate coatings have been proposed [2]. Among these surface treatments, combined etching and sandblasting have shown the best results in bone apposition and removal torque [3]. Sandblasted, large grit, acid-etched implant surface (SLA) treatment reformed the same topography surface shaped by osteoclasts and the osteoblast response observed on this surface is comparable to the response on surface conditioned by osteoclast [5].
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