Abstract
There are three major groups of living arthropods: Crustacea, Chelicerata, and Uniramia. To these may be added a fourth, the extinct trilobites. Determining the relationships of these higher taxa is difficult. A variety of approaches has led to different conclusions. At one extreme is the suggestion that the interrelationships of the major arthropod groups cannot be resolved, that they are quite distinct and are more appropriately treated as separate phyla (Manton, 1977; Schram, 1978). At the other is the view that while some basic arthropod characters — the hard exoskeleton, jointed appendages etc. — might have been acquired convergently, a more parsimonious approach is to treat them as monophyletic (Patterson, 1978).
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