Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of phosphorus and potassium (PK) fertilizer levels and foliar seaweed extract on early and total yield productivity and the growth of globe artichoke plants. Field experiments were conducted over two seasons on loamy–clay soil at the vegetable research farm, of the Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Egypt. Fertilizer levels of 0, 25, 50 and 75 mL L−1, and seaweed extract concentrations of 0, 5 and 10 mg L−1, individually and in combination, were used. Globe artichoke plants treated with PK liquid fertilizer, with and without seaweed extract, showed critical increases in growth (plant height and number of leaves per plant as well as foliage dry weight), yield, and some chemical constituents compared to untreated plants. The PK3 fertilizer level and 10 mL L−1 seaweed extract as a foliar spray showed greater effects than other combinations.
Highlights
Egypt produces approximately one-fifth of the world’s globe artichokes, this volume is not commensurate with exports because production comes after the appropriate export time
The enhancing effect of potassium—activating phytohormones and enzymatic systems, regulating cellular pH, and enhancing nitrogen uptake—might have been attributed to its association with the efficiency of leaves as an assimilator to CO2 [37]. These results agree with [2], who found that potassium fertilizer improved the growth characteristics of the globe artichoke. These results were somewhat in harmony with the findings of [5], who found that the highest height values, number of leaves per plant, and leaf dry weight were produced by the increased application with potassium fertilizer
The results showed that the foliar applications of the seaweed extract rates were within the same range as those for the control treatment
Summary
Egypt produces approximately one-fifth of the world’s globe artichokes, this volume is not commensurate with exports because production comes after the appropriate export time. The globe artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.), a member of the Compositae family, is one of the most important vegetable crops in Egypt for local consumption and export, either fresh or processed. It is especially distributed around the Mediterranean and to South America and the United States [1,2]. The artichoke is rich in inulin, fiber, minerals, and especially, polyphenols, so it is perceived as healthy and nutritious [3]. The artichoke plant is sensitive to the nutritional balance of macro-elements due to its huge size and high productivity [1,4,5]
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