Abstract
BackgroundRevascularization strategies for chronic mesenteric ischemia (CMI) include open (OR) and endovascular (ER) modalities. The primary objective of this study was to analyze the safety and effectiveness of OR and ER and the impact of clinical and morphological variables on early and midterm outcomes in a consecutive series of CMI patients in a tertiary referral center.Patients and methodsFrom 2004 to 2017, all CMI patients treated with OR and ER were retrospectively identified. Patient records, preoperative imaging, as well as peri- and postoperative outcomes were analyzed. Univariable and multivariable analysis was performed to identify clinical or morphological variables affecting reintervention rates within 2 years.ResultsIn total, 63 patients (33% male; mean age 71, range 60–76 years) were treated by ER (41 patients) or OR (22 patients) for CMI. Mean follow-up was 26 (10–71) months. 30-day mortality was 0.0% after ER and 4.5% after OR (p = 0.069); 30-day morbidity was 9.8% vs. 31.8%, respectively (p = 0.030). Length of stay was significantly longer after OR (14 vs. 4 days; p < 0.001). Freedom from reintervention rate after 2 years was 82% after OR and 73% after ER (p = 0.14). Overall survival did not differ after 2 years (OR 85% vs. ER 86%; p = 0.35). Multivariable analysis revealed that smoking was associated with higher risk of reintervention (hazard ratio, HR: 4.14; 95% confidence interval, CI 1.11–15.53; p = 0.03). Additionally, a nonsignificant trend of lower reintervention rates after OR was detected (HR 0.23 95% CI 0.05–1.08; p = 0.06).ConclusionDue to a lower invasiveness, despite the higher reintervention rate, an “endovascular first” strategy is justified and recommended.
Highlights
The prevalence of severe atherosclerosis of the mesenteric arteries supposedly ranges between 30 and 50% in the elderly population ([ 65 years), the exact incidence of chronic mesenteric ischemia (CMI) is unknown
In approximately 90% of patients, it is caused by an atherosclerotic stenosis or occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and/or the celiac trunk (CTr) [5, 6]
Since randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing open revascularization (OR) and ER are lacking, the primary objective of this study was to examine early and midterm outcomes in a consecutive series of CMI patients treated by OR and ER at a tertiary referral center
Summary
The prevalence of severe atherosclerosis of the mesenteric arteries supposedly ranges between 30 and 50% in the elderly population ([ 65 years), the exact incidence of chronic mesenteric ischemia (CMI) is unknown. The primary objective of this study was to analyze the safety and effectiveness of OR and ER and the impact of clinical and morphological variables on early and midterm outcomes in a consecutive series of CMI patients in a tertiary referral center. Univariable and multivariable analysis was performed to identify clinical or morphological variables affecting reintervention rates within 2 years. Results In total, 63 patients (33% male; mean age 71, range 60–76 years) were treated by ER (41 patients) or OR (22 patients) for CMI. Conclusion Due to a lower invasiveness, despite the higher reintervention rate, an ‘‘endovascular first’’ strategy is justified and recommended
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