Early and Late Initiation Time of Statin Administration Effects on Early and Long-Term Outcome in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients: A Literature Review

Abstract

Early treatment in acute coronary syndrome plays as key role in short-term and long-term outcome. Some studies showed that statin treatment may improve long-term outcomes in post-ACS patients as secondary prevention. The most effective time to give statin in ACS patients is not well-known. The aim of this study is to review previous studies as to when is the best time to initiate statin therapy to reach the best long-term outcome in patients with ACS. PubMed and Medline database were searched with keywords in search engine. The inclusion criteria were: 1) trials that compared one of the statin drugs to placebo or standard care; 2) follow up at least 30 days; 3) publication between 2000-2018. Total of six studies was collected in this review. Many studies showed that early treatment with statin in patients with ACS in admission is associated with reduced one-year mortality. Moreover, early statin therapy reduced one-year major adverse cardiac effect. Statin therapy should be administered early during hospitalization for ACS on the basic data that early therapy with statin is proven reduced one-year mortality and MACE. Further investigation still needs to specify when is the most effective time to give statin in patient with ACS.