Abstract
This paper presents the outcome of a comprehensive experimental program undertaken to study the performance of cellulose pulp and synthetic PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) based fiber-cement composite under both carbonated and non-carbonated curing conditions at early age. The composites were produced at different rolling pressures (2.5 to 9.0 bar) and subjected to various curing conditions in which the effects of CO2 pressure (1 to 3 bar) and curing time (3 to 9 h) were studied. The mechanical properties (modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR), and toughness), as well as the physical properties (porosity, bulk density, and water absorption), were measured for all samples. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to investigate the effect of carbonation on porosity change and adhesion of fiber-matrix. A parametric investigation of the effects of the carbonation curing period, CO2 pressure, and rolling pressure on the improvement of the physical and mechanical properties during carbonation curing was performed. Results showed that fiber-cement composites cured with an elevated CO2 pressure of 3 bar, rolling pressure of 3 bar, and 5 h of curing time provided optimal curing conditions resulting in the most desirable mechanical and physical properties. However, toughness was greatly reduced with the increase of the CO2 pressure, curing time, and rolling pressure. Additionally, the carbonation curing improved the bonding between the fiber and the cement matrix because of the precipitation of calcite particularly in the pores of the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) between the cement matrix and the fibers.
Highlights
Fiber-cement products are nowadays widely used in the world because of their versatility for manufacturing construction materials such as lightweight roof tiles, ceilings, decorative components, and floors, which are used in most houses in developing countries as well as in agricultural and industrial buildings [1,2]
The aim of this paper was to study the influence of the rolling pressure, the CO2 curing time, and the CO2 pressure on PVA and cellulose based fiber-cement composites hydrated in semi-adiabatic conditions with high concentration carbonation at an early age
The results demonstrated that accelerated carbonation is effective in improving the physical properties because of pore filling with carbonate products resulting in a decrease of apparent void volume (AVV) by 2.9% and 6.5%, a decrease of water absorption (WA) by 4.2% and 9%, and an increase of bulk density (BD) by 1.2% and Figure 4 shows the comparison of the effects of the accelerated carbonation on the physical characteristics of water absorption, apparent void volume, and bulk density for carbonated and noncarbonated fiber-cement composites at different carbonation times
Summary
Fiber-cement products are nowadays widely used in the world because of their versatility for manufacturing construction materials such as lightweight roof tiles, ceilings, decorative components, and floors, which are used in most houses in developing countries as well as in agricultural and industrial buildings [1,2]. The fiber-cement industry has grown rapidly because of increased demand. The rheological [3,4] and mechanical [5,6] properties of fiber-cement composites have been extensively studied. The cement industry is the third-largest source of carbon dioxide emissions. One of the considered strategies to mitigate CO2 emissions is carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) [7].
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