Abstract
This chapter addresses the role of federal and state laws governing the practice of emergency medicine. It primarily covers how federal law—the Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act (EMTALA), sets national standards for screening, stabilizing, and discharging or transferring ED patients. EMTALA dictates how emergency clinicians must triage, register, examine, treat or stabilize, discharge or transfer, use hospital resources, and involve on-call medical staff expertise when caring for patients presenting to the ED. The states further control the practice of emergency medicine via the laws of informed or implied consent and refusal of emergency care, reporting requirements, confidentiality requirements, forensic and police matters, civil commitments, and emergency medical service (EMS) statutes.
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