Abstract
An active joint motion of human body is normally produced by non-isometric skeletal muscle contractions through the motor control. These non-isometric skeletal muscle contractions induce substantial shape change of the muscle segment, e.g., bulged belly of concentrically contracting muscles and consequently the interaction with the tight clothing or footwear becomes an important design issue. In order to simulate both contractile muscular forces and associated volumetric changes using digital human body models, the FE based hybrid muscle modeling approach in which three-dimension solid elements are reinforced with one-dimensional Hill type bar elements respectively representing muscle substrates and fibers is introduced. The lower leg muscles and their actions on ankle joint motions (dorsi/plantar-flexions) are accordingly modeled, simulated and quantitatively validated against a live subject experiment.
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