E024 Demographic factors influencing educational placement of the hearing impaired child with a cochlear implant

Abstract

This chapter focuses on the practical applications of neuroanatomy for the speech-language pathologist. The brain itself is housed very securely inside the calvarium—skull bone structure—and is separated from the calvarium only by three interwoven membranes that are collectively referred to as the meninges. The outermost meningeal layer lying directly underneath the skull bones is referred to as the dura mater. The major venous drainage systems, such as the superior sagittal and transverse sinuses, lie within the dural folds. For speech-language pathologists, it is routine procedure to refer the individual to an audiologist to perform more accurate audiometric testing to assess the client's acuity to pure tones of different intensities at different frequencies. Additional acoustic procedures are valuable to differentiate certain types of hearing problems. These tests include speech audiometry consisting of speech discrimination scores and speech reception thresholds, binaural loudness balance testing, loudness recruitment testing, auditory adaptation and tone decay testing, Bekesy testing, short increment sensitivity levels testing, middle ear impedance testing, and electrophysiological testing.