E

Abstract

Abstract EBURACUM (York) Town in the north of Britain (BRITANNIA); originally belonging to the BRIGANTES but conquered by the Roman General AGRICOLA in 78 A.D. He made Eburacum into a powerful fort, stationing a legion there and launching his campaigns into the far north from that new post. Subsequent Roman conquests stabilized the region, and Eburacum achieved the status of coloniaand eventually became a municipiumas well. It was the leading city in Roman Britain next to LONDINIUM (London), and it wasthe most important military post in the isles. When the numerous breakthroughs on the frontier by the Caledonians threatened the city’s survival in the 2nd and 3rd centuries A.D., the counterattacks of Septimius SEVERUS were based in Eburacum. In the late 3rd century, CONSTANTIUS chose the site as his personal residence, and on July 25, 306, he died there, as had Septimius Severus a century before. Constantius’s son, CONSTANTINE, was hailed as emperor by the legions of Eburacum shortly afterward. EURONES People of German origin, who crossed into Gallia Belgica to settle there sometime in the 2nd or 1st centuries B.c. They were a leading party in the revolt against Julius Caesar in Gaul in 54 B.c. Under their King AMBIORIX, the Eburones successfully lured out and destroyed Caesar’s legate, Q. Titurius Sabinus, at ADUATUCA. The Eburones participated in the unsuccessful general uprising following Aduatuca but were isolated by Caesar’s deliber3te policy of reducing the mutinous tribes one by one in the spring of 53 B.c. The Eburones were the last, and during that year the Roman legions marched into Gallia Belgica. Ambiorix fled over the Rhine, and his people ceased to be a vital entity.